What is the meaning of the alphanumeric characters on the disposable protective mask?

The letters represent different national standards. The N series of masks are American standards, the KN series are Chinese standards, the FFP series are European standards, and the KF series are Korean standards. The following number refers to the protection capacity, the greater the protection level, the higher. 95 refers to the ability to filter out more than 95% of non-oily particles. The 90 series is not as high as 95, but it can also resist more than 90% of particles. In the FFP series, 2 basically corresponds to 95, and 3 has a higher filtration efficiency, reaching 99%. The number with a V at the end indicates that there is a breathing valve.

If we sort the filtering capabilities, we can simply understand it as follows:

FFP3>FFP2=N95=KN95=KF94>KN90.

What is the difference between medical and non-medical masks?

N95, KN95 and other masks include medical and non-medical types. Among them, masks with the "medical" logo in the mask can be used for first-line protection of medical staff during the anti-epidemic period. Masks without the "medical" logo are not recommended for medical staff and ordinary people can use it.

The main difference between the two is that the outer surface of the medical mask is hydrophobic, that is, blood, sweat, etc. cannot be saturated. If this waterproof layer is lacking, frontline medical staff will be at risk. The mask is easy to get wet. After the water molecules become liquid, the gravitational force between the molecules increases, which is equivalent to breaking through the barrier of the mask and the virus can easily enter. Medical staff are likely to be exposed to the patient's blood and body fluid environment, and the risk will be greater.

How do masks protect against viruses?

Viruses usually do not exist alone in the air, but are attached to particles such as droplets, dust, dander, etc. The filtering mechanism of masks such as N95 is to block these fine particles through the high-performance filter layer in the mask to build a protection barrier. Therefore, when wearing a mask, pay attention to close to the face and learn the correct way of wearing and taking it off.

Can masks with exhalation valves be used for protection?

The exhalation valve of the mask is a one-way valve. Ordinary healthy people can wear a mask with an exhalation valve to prevent the inhalation of virus-containing droplets. Infected, suspected infected and close contacts during the incubation period should not be used, otherwise it will become a source of infection for walking, and the opened exhalation valve may discharge the patient’s virus-containing droplets. Therefore, in the first-line ward, try not to choose breathing valve, because the one-way valve can protect yourself but not others, and the people in the ward with masks are also high-risk groups, so try not to use breathing valves to avoid affecting others.

Is it better to wear more masks for protection?

The key indicators of mask protection also depend on air tightness. As long as qualified products are worn correctly, only one can achieve the expected preventive effect. If you go to a crowded area and do not have a medical-grade N95 mask on hand, you can add a surgical mask to the anti-smog N95 mask. It is best to change the outer surgical mask every few hours.

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